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Nowadays an almost arbitrary variation of the laser beam intensity profile for material processing such as laser beam welding can be achieved through innovative beam shaping technologies. The resulting keyhole geometry strongly influences the flow of the liquid metal in the melt pool, the convective heat transport and subsequently the temperature distribution in the melt pool and the surrounding material. These can be effectively used for the process optimization towards defect free laser beam welding. Within this work, the influence of beam shaping on the melt flow and the resulting temperature distribution is analyzed using a numerical model. The results indicate that melt flow shaping allows for a reduction of the thermal losses and therefore an improvement of the thermal efficiency.
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Wagner et al. (2024) studied this question.
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