In this 2 x 3 experiment, participants (N = 188) were randomly assigned to one of three television viewing conditions: sexual intercourse present in the show along with a depiction of condoms, sexual intercourse present with no mention or depiction of condoms or safe sex, or control condition with no sexual content. A significant interaction emerged between experimental condition and gender such that women who saw the programs featuring condoms had more positive attitudes about condom use than women in the other two conditions, F(2, 181) = 4.65, p = .011, η² = .05. No such findings emerged for men. Participants' behavioral intentions to engage in safe sex were unaffected.
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Kirstie M. Farrar (2006) studied this question.
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