Adenomyoepithelioma with malignant transformation diagnosed by immunohistochemical analysis: case report

Adenomyoepitheliomas (AMEs) are rare breast lesions, which are characterized by the proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. They are circumscribed lesions, which can be clinically and mammographically detected. However, when they are indistinctly limited, differential diagnosis with malignant lesions becomes difficult. In this paper, we report a case of adenomyoepithelioma with malignant transformation of the myoepithelial component, a rare histological type that arises from the malignant transformation of epithelial, myoepithelial, or both elements. Its course and prognosis are uncertain. Mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by radiotherapy are the most effective treatment approaches.