Water distribution systems and on-farm irrigation practices: limitations and consequences for Afghanistan’s agricultural productivity

The absence of a reliable water supply to farmers is the single most important impediment to food security and agricultural expansion in Afghanistan. Agricultural water supply and distribution systems are reviewed, and a pragmatic strategy is outlined to increase water capital and to better utilize available water. The development and dissemination of on-farm practices that improve water management through community-based approaches represent the best opportunity for improving farmer livelihoods, maintaining social stability and developing a sound agriculture-based economy in the immediate future, independent of the success or failure of national water policies.