Gold nanowires were patterned with e-beam lithography and fabricated with a gold film deposited by e-beam evaporation. The resistances of these wires were measured and found to be nonlinear with respect to surface area/volume. With x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, carbon and oxygen contaminants in the forms of C, C–O–C, and CO were found adsorbed on the gold surface. This contamination adsorbed on the surface may lead to increased resistance of nanowires.
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Lilley et al. (2006) studied this question.
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