High-purity core-shell α″-Fe16N2/Al2O3 nanoparticles synthesized from α-hematite for rare-earth-free magnet applications

α″-Fe 16 N 2 nanoparticles (NPs) have been identified as one of the most promising rare-earth-free magnetic materials and synthesized with high purity in laboratory investigation recently. This study reports characteristics and magnetic performance of spindle shaped core–shell α″-Fe 16 N 2 /Al 2 O 3 NPs successfully synthesized from hematite NPs. A two-step reaction process, i.e., hydrogen reduction and ammonia nitridation treatments, was employed to produce the α″-Fe 16 N 2 phase (making up to ∼99 wt.% of the core content). The high-purity NPs exhibited saturation magnetization and coercivity of 186 emu/g and 2.2 kOe, respectively, at 300 K. The obtained α″-Fe 16 N 2 /Al 2 O 3 NPs possessed a spindle shape with an internal pore structure. Their porosity increased from ∼10% to 50–60% during the two-step synthesis process, however, at the expense of crystallite size. The combined use of the present synthesis method and hematite NP enables reduction in the synthesis reaction time, as well as the fabrication of NPs with excellent magnetic performance. Furthermore, the present results suggest the potential of rare-earth-free magnetic core–shell α″-Fe 16 N 2 /Al 2 O 3 NPs in industrial applications.