Modeling for operators collaboration in the Main control room of SMR based on time petri net

The main control room (MCR) is essential for the safe and coordinated operation of nuclear power plant (NPP). With the development of multi-reactor control configurations in small modular reactors (SMRs), operator collaboration has become increasingly important and more complex. However, existing studies have mainly focused on human error modeling and failure rate estimation, systematic methods for analyzing collaborative behaviors and quantifying task execution time in team-based scenarios remain limited. To address this gap, we propose a hierarchical modeling and performance evaluation framework based on an extended Time Petri Net (TPN). The TPN is extended to represent interrupt behavior and progress retention, enabling realistic modeling of collaborative tasks in the MCR. This study provides a quantitative framework for evaluating and optimizing operator collaboration and offers practical implications for MCR design in SMR.