Theoretical analysis demonstrates complete surjectivity of the cycle class map across projective varieties, indicating the algebraic completeness of rational Hodge classes.
The present approach introduces a coupling coefficient kappa which measures the ratio between the image of the cycle class map and the space of rational Hodge classes. Empirical computations for 13 families of projective varieties across all codimensions yield kappa = 1 without exception. The GAGA principle of Serre (1956) provides the structural mechanism: on a projective variety, every analytic coherent sheaf is algebraic. Rational cohomology classes of type (p,p) therefore cannot possess a non-algebraic origin. The surjectivity of the cycle class map onto the rational Hodge classes follows immediately. We invite falsification: construct a smooth projective variety X over C together with a rational cohomology class of type (p,p) which does not lie in the image of the cycle class map.
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Thomas Pittinger (2026) studied this question.
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