ATP-Stimulated, DNA-Mediated Redox Signaling by XPD, a DNA Repair and Transcription Helicase

Using DNA-modified electrodes, we show DNA-mediated signaling by XPD, a helicase that contains a [4Fe-4S] cluster and is critical for nucleotide excision repair and transcription. The DNA-mediated redox signal resembles that of base excision repair proteins, with a DNA-bound redox potential of ~80 mV versus NHE. Significantly, this signal increases with ATP hydrolysis. Moreover, the redox signal is substrate-dependent, reports on the DNA conformational changes associated with enzymatic function, and may reflect a general biological role for DNA charge transport.