Bioactive compounds with adjuvant therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathy

INTRODUCTION: Neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathies share several common pathophysiological mechanisms, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Although their clinical manifestations differ, similar neuroprotective therapeutic approaches are applied in both conditions. AIM: The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on the use of nutraceuticals and vitamin supplementation as adjuvant strategies in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathies. METHODS: The literature review focused on studies evaluating the efficacy, mechanisms of action, safety aspects, and recommended dosages of selected bioactive compounds, including antioxidants, phospholipids, nucleosides, polyphenols, and vitamins. RESULTS: Available clinical and experimental evidence indicates a beneficial effect of several nutraceuticals on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial function, which may contribute to slowing disease progression and improving peripheral nerve function. CONCLUSION: Nutraceuticals represent a promising adjunct to conventional therapy for neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathies. However, further clinical studies are needed to confirm their efficacy, standardize dosing, and assess long-term safety.