Key result
Among patients with type 2 diabetes in southern Afghanistan, the prevalence of hypertension was 55.3%, with older age, female gender, longer diabetes duration, poor glycemic control, and depressive symptoms significantly increasing the odds.
Why the study?
Hypertension in type 2 diabetes increases cardiovascular complications and mortality, but data on its prevalence and associated factors in Afghanistan were limited.
Cross-Sectional (n=609)
Yes
A high prevalence of hypertension (55.3%) was found among patients with type 2 diabetes in southern Afghanistan, strongly associated with older age, female gender, longer diabetes duration, poor glycemic control, and depressive symptoms.
Background: Hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes results in higher rates of cardiovascular complications and deaths. However, there is limited data on the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in Afghanistan. Objective: Our study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in southern Afghanistan. Methods: This was a multi-center hospital-based cross-sectional study employed from January to June 2024 in southern Afghanistan. A total of 609 randomly selected patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis. Diabetes patients were examined for the presence/absence of hypertension diagnosis using a criterion set by the American Heart Association. The binary logistic regression analysis was performed to test for risk factors associated with hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes. Results: Among the 609 patients with diabetes included in the study, 55.3% (95% CI: 51.2%– 59.3%) had hypertension. According to the results of binary logistic regression, female gender [AOR, adjusted odds ratio =1.73, 95% CI (1.09– 2.74)], age of ≥ 50 years [4.35 (2.78– 2.6.81)], having diabetes for five or more years [2.13 (1.37– 3.31)], poor glycemic control [1.80 (1.18– 2.75)], and the presence of depressive symptoms [3.25 (2.59– 4.80)] were associated with hypertension among patients with diabetes. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence (55.3%) of hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes in Afghanistan, it is imperative to develop targeted interventions aimed at early detection and ensuring adequate care, especially for those most at risk for hypertension.
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Stanikzai et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Type 2 diabetes (n=609). Type 2 diabetes was evaluated on Prevalence of hypertension (95% CI 51.2-59.3). Among patients with type 2 diabetes in southern Afghanistan, the prevalence of hypertension was 55.3%, with older age, female gender, longer diabetes duration, poor glycemic control, and depressive symptoms significantly increasing the odds.
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