Preliminary research into the use of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil) in museum conservation

Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil) has been used for medicinal, antimicrobial, sterilisation and sanitation purposes since the 1930s. Its remarkable properties contributed to the Second World War effort and pioneering research was carried out by the Sydney Technological Museum (now the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences). The museum’s essential oil research plantation was located at Castle Hill NSW, a site now used by the museum for collection storage. In this case study, a tea tree oil product called Bactigas®(a BOC product) is being assessed for its potential to control recurrent mould in a large-object storage area at the Castle Hill site. Alternatives methods of control are also being reviewed. Factors being considered include spore counts, frequency and effectiveness of treatment, possible surface build up and potential for damage. Toxicity and occupational health and safety issues will be considered. The potential use of this essential oil in museum conservation will also be discussed.