Examining First Nations’ approach to protecting water resources using a multi-barrier approach to safe drinking water in Southern Ontario, Canada

This paper uses a multi-barrier approach (MBA) to examine issues and opportunities with water resource protection in three First Nations communities in Southern Ontario (Mississauga of the New Credit First Nation, Oneida Nation of the Thames, and Six Nations of the Grand River). The cross-case analysis highlights the relevance of attitudes toward water and authority, cultural practices, current legislative and regulative arrangements, and quality of relationships for improving water management and governance. Employing a perspective that captures cultural, social, economic and political contexts may enhance the ability to address persistent water challenges experienced by First Nations.