An underwater explosive shock gun

A theoretical study is made of a simple design for an underwater shock gun, which consists of a chamber in the form of a hollow circular cone, with a spherical sector of explosive charge fitted into the apex. When the explosive is initiated at the apex, the resulting sector of a spherical blast wave will be diffracted by expansion waves moving inwards after the leading shock has emerged from the rim of the cone. The progress of the expansion wave-fronts is calculated, and the results show a surprising inability of the diffraction process to ‘eat into’ the full-strength sector of spherical blast. It is found to be possible to design such a gun so that it is capable of projecting a high intensity shock-pressure beam over a considerable range, using only a very small explosive charge.