Optimal observability-based modelling, design and characterization of piezoelectric microactuators

This paper deals with the optimal design of monolithic piezoelectric microactuators with integrated proprioceptive sensors. Dedicated to the microrobotic and micromechatronic elds, these works detail the modelling and the characterization of compliant structures with integrated actuating and sensing elements. The proposed optimal design procedure adresses not only static criteria but also dynamic ones. This leads to microdevices which are more performant with regards to mechanical (displacement, force...) and control (dynamics, stability, precision) characteristics. E cient design of such devices is achieved using a exible building block method. A topological optimization method combined with an evolutionary algorithm is used to optimize the design of truss-like planar structure. This method chooses the best location among the di erent piezoelectric elements. Di erent mechanical, actuation or sensing elements are accordingly chosen from a data bank. From the control point of view, optimisation criteria are considered to enforce the observability of the vibrational dominant modes of the structure. Therefore, control and observation Gramians are exploited in the optimal design to shape the open loop frequency response of both,