This article describes the birth of the Amazonia in the American imaginary during the Second World War. Although the geo-political importance of the market diversification of the rubber supply and the development of synthetic rubber had been discussed in the United States before the attack onPearl Harbor, the consequent Japanese blockage to the traditional Southeast Asian markets drove scientists and bureaucrats to rush in the search for alternatives. The same as in other regions of Latin America, the policies of securing and supplying during the war, divided the Progressives that supported the New Deal and the fiscal conservatives. Notwithstanding, the policies of the American administration were influenced by myths about tropical regions and their populations while also helping to create them. Then, as now, the Amazonia was much more than a place- for Americans it was also a point where profound anxieties relative race, class and nation exploded
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