Key result
Higher social support linked to lower fatigue in CAD patients depending on depression status.
Why the study?
Many individuals with CAD remain severely fatigued after cardiac rehabilitation, but the relationship between subjective fatigue and perceived social support had not been analyzed.
Cross-Sectional (n=1,036)
No
p-value: p=<0.001
Perceived social support is inversely associated with subjective fatigue levels in patients with CAD following ACS, with the relevant source of support differing based on the presence of depressive symptoms.
May differentially mitigate fatigue by depression status in CAD; leaves open whether interventions improve outcomes.
Background: Given that approximately one-third of individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) remain severely fatigued after completion the cardiac rehabilitation, it is necessary to identify reliable intervention targets aimed at reducing fatigue. Perceived social support is closely linked to health outcomes and depressive symptoms in individuals with CAD. However, to our knowledge, the relationship between subjective fatigue levels and social support in those with CAD has not been analyzed. Objective: We aimed to examine the associations between perceived social support and subjective fatigue levels in individuals with CAD with and without depression symptoms. Methods: This cross-sectional study was comprised of 1,036 participants with CAD (57±9years, 77% men) 1–2weeks after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results: In total, 12% (n=129) of study participants had elevated depression symptoms (HADS score≥8). In individuals with CAD and depressive symptoms, after adjustment for sex, age, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, and anxiety, linear regression analyses showed significant inverse associations between higher social support from others and general, physical fatigue as well as reduced activity and motivation (p<0.001). Following the same method of statistical analysis and control in non-depressed individuals with CAD (88%), social support from family was inversely linked to mental fatigue (p’s<0.05). Similarly, social support from friends was significantly associated with lower general, physical, and mental fatigue as well as reduced activity, while social support from others was significantly associated with lower general and mental fatigue (p’s<0.001). The overall higher total support was linked with reduced motivation (p<0.05) in the depressed study participants, while there was lower general and mental fatigue (p<0.05) in non-depressed individuals. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that fatigue and its features could be associated by the perceived social support in individuals with CAD following ACSs. While in individuals with CAD and depressive symptoms, greater subjective fatigue is associated with less perceived social support from others, higher levels of subjective fatigue in non-depressed individuals with CAD are significantly associated with reduced perceived social support from friends.
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Kažukauskienė et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) following Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) (n=1,036). Perceived social support vs. Lower perceived social support was evaluated on Subjective fatigue levels measured by the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20) (p=<0.001). In individuals with coronary artery disease, higher perceived social support from others was significantly associated with lower fatigue in those with depressive symptoms, whereas support from friends was associated with lower fatigue in non-depressed individuals.
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