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Soft X-Ray microscopy is used for the quantitative analysis of temperature-sensitive hollow polyelectrolyte microcapsules made of poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) and poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (see figure). Upon heating to 90 °C they shrink and the polymer membrane becomes denser. The analysis of such systems in water shows, at 20 nm resolution, that membrane densification is accompanied by exclusion of about 50% of the hydration water, leading to homogeneously filled dense spheres without any loss of material.
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Déjugnat et al. (2007) studied this question.
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