Ketoanilides containing alkyl side chains were readily cyclized to 3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles or spirooxindoles by a single or double intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) at room temperature or at 45 °C. α-Iminocarboxamides, generated in situ from ketoamides, cyclized similarly to 3-aminooxindoles under identical conditions.
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Gorokhovik et al. (2011) studied this question.
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