Analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative-like activities of leaves of Alpinia calcarata Roscoe in mice

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative-like activities of methanol extract of leaves of Alpinia calcarata Roscoe in mice model. Analgesic activity was investigated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced paw licking test. In vivo neuropharmacological effects, including anxiolytic and sedative effects were examined by open field, light-dark, elevated plus maze, thiopental sodium-induced sleeping time and hole cross tests behaviors in mice. The extract produced significant (p<0.001) reduction in writhing and licking response in acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced paw licking tests, respectively. Administration at a dose of 400 mg/kg.bw of leaves extract significantly (p<0.001) attenuated anxiety-like behavior in mice by decreasing movement in open field, increasing the time spent and number of entries in the open arms of elevated plus maze, and a significant increase in the time spent in the illuminated compartment in the light box in the light-dark test. The extract significantly (p<0.01) potentiated thiopental sodium-induced sleep and reduced the number of sectional crossings relative to the control group, indicating sedative effects. Based on the results obtained from in vivo activities, the leaves of A. calcarata was found to be a potential source of new analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative compounds.