Impact of human–AI collaboration on corporate green innovation bubbles

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Amid the push toward dual-carbon goals and the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), corporate green innovation (GI) is increasingly showing signs of a bubble—with companies prioritizing quantity over quality. This study constructs a coupling coordination indicator between AI and human capital and investigates its impact on corporate GI bubbles (GIBs) as well as the underlying mechanism. The results show that human–AI collaboration (HAIC) significantly curbs corporate GIBs. Mechanism analysis reveals that HAIC facilitates high-quality corporate GI by improving information transparency and operational efficiency, alleviating financing constraints, and reducing strategic innovation behaviors. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that this inhibitory effect is greater in nonheavily polluting industries, nonstate-owned enterprises, and firms with highly readable annual reports. This study provides empirical evidence on how digital technologies improve the quality of GI and govern GIBs.