A new defined entity among the spectrum of central nervous system inflammation: chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS)

A newly defined CNS inflammatory disease was recently described by Pittock et al. from the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine [1]. They report a series of 8 patients with CNS inflammation with similar clinical, radiological and pathological features, that they named CLIPPERS (Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids). Since then, other few cases have been reported. The aim of this short review is to outline the general characteristics of the newly defined CLIPPERS, as this new entity should be considered by the clinician for the differential diagnosis of central inflammatory disease.