A simple approach to actively manipulate fluids in two-dimensional microfluidic networks based on the electrocapillary effect is reported. It allows not only patterning of biological solutions and yeast cells in a programmable manner, but also the growth of self-assembled colloidal crystals in the addressable microfluidic networks. The Figure shows a photonic display made by using colloidal particles of different diameters. The inset (scalebar: 200 μm) shows a microchamber filled with 250 nm colloidal crystals.
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Shiu et al. (2005) studied this question.
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