Modification of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Based on Rectal Culture Results to Prevent Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Infections after Prostate Biopsy

For patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUBP), use of rectal screening culture results to guide antimicrobial prophylaxis was effective for prevention of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli infections. In practice, elimination of infections after TRUBP required the rectal screening protocol and addition of gentamicin for patients missing prior screening.