The doubly labelled water (DLW) method for measuring energy expenditure in free living subjects suffers from inaccuracy and imprecision mainly owing to analytical problems. An automated H/D/O equilibration device was tested for precision, internal validity and matrix effects with particular consideration of DLW studies. The precision was found to be 0.5‰ and 0.04‰ for 2H and 18O, respectively. Dilution series with water standards and urine showed a high linearity and no matrix effects. In addition, the automated preparation is less laborious and time consuming and reduces sources of analytical imprecisions in studies measuring energy expenditure by the DLW method.
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Thielecke et al. (1997) studied this question.
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