Structure I is proposed for the catalytically active species in the bis-cinchona alkaloid based osmium-catalyzed aminohydroxylation (AA) reaction of unsymmetrical olefins. Based on this model, the regiochemistry for this reaction can be controlled through a substrate binding mode wherein steric, electronic, and/or shape complimentarity between the olefin and catalyst direct the regiochemical outcome along the reaction coordinate.
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Han et al. (1999) studied this question.