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Theoretical series proposes lunar formation via a connected magmatic column, challenging giant-impact models of satellite origin.
A series of seven position papers proposing that the Moon was built from terrestrial material raised to the corotation radius through a connected hydrostatic magmatic column, rather than delivered by a giant impact. Paper 1 states the process in ten steps; Paper 2 computes the corotation radius and the angular-momentum budget; Paper 3 the transport mechanism and the rising shell; Paper 4 applies the mechanism to Mars, Phobos and Deimos; Paper 5 sets seven requirements and belt tests against GRAIL and crater data; Paper 6 treats cratering by returning terrestrial ejecta; Paper 7 the orbit after release. Each paper carries its environment table, its predictions and its refutation criteria. Version 1.0, 14 September 2026.
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Zohar Duran (2026) studied this question.