A Quantum Electrodynamical Model of Magnetic Nanobubble Stabilization in Water

This work describes the formation of electrically charged nanobubbles and collective electrodynamical ordering in liquid water based upon the framework of the quantum electrodynamical theories of Del Giudice, Preparata, Vitiello and their co-workers. Nanobubbles with experimentally observed negative zeta potentials are predicted to generate interfacial electric fields on the order of 105–106 V m−1, comparable to field strengths previously associated with collective vibrational coupling in electrically stressed water. The model addresses magnetic stabilization of the electrically induced vibronically coupled interfacial state, while the observed changes in nanobubble size and number are discussed within the broader framework, including a hypothesized preconditioning effect of the dynamically varying magnetic field on nanobubble formation. Under these conditions, regions of enhanced collective coupling of vibronic modes around a nanobubble with characteristic thicknesses of approximately 9.6–52.5 nm become physically plausible. Furthermore, a phenomenological Landau-type free-energy model is used to investigate the influence of external magnetic fields on the process. We suggest that magnetic fields primarily couple to the low-energy protonic and vibronic modes within this shell. These theoretical predictions are qualitatively consistent with recent experimental observations showing stronger negative zeta potentials, and higher nanobubble concentrations under the influence of magnetic fields, together with smaller characteristic nanobubble radii under an alternating field configuration. Our results support the interpretation that magnetic fields stabilize electrically induced mesoscopic coupling of vibronic modes that emerge transiently during cavitation-driven nanobubble formation.