Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) thin films were fabricated with poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) anion by the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique. A precursor PPV was thermally converted into PPV even at 100°C in the presence of PSS. By the low-temperature conversion, the photoluminescence efficiency from the PPV/PSS LbL films increased significantly and the hole mobility was improved to 2×10−5cm2V−1s−1. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency of PPV/PSS LbL photovoltaic films increased by one order of magnitude compared with that converted at 220°C.
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Ogawa et al. (2007) studied this question.