Hydrodynamic Performance of a Novel Wave‐Driven Pump for Artificial Downwelling of Surface Water in Coastal Waters

Artificial downwelling of oxygen‐rich surface water (ORSW) has recently gained interest among environmental engineers as a potential solution for alleviating hypoxia in coastal waters. This paper proposes a novel wave‐driven pump for artificial downwelling of ORSW and evaluates its hydrodynamic performance. The vertical motion equation of the floating buoy is formulated by considering the wave exciting force, wave radiation force, hydrostatic force, and external force, where the external force varies depending on the open/closed state of the check valve. The hydrodynamic model is implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK and validated against CFD results obtained from ANSYS/AQWA. The model is then employed to examine the influences of various parameters, including wave amplitude (1–3 m), pipe diameter (0.2–0.6 m), pipe length (90–235 m), and buoy diameter (2–5 m), on the hourly volume of pumped ORSW.