Wind shear terms in the equations of aircraft motion

Conventional analyses of aircraft motion in the atmosphere have neglected wind speed variability on the scales associated with many atmospheric phenomena such as thunderstorms, low level jets, etc These phenomena produce wind shears that have been determined as the probable cause in many recent commercial airline ac cidents This paper derives the 6 deg equations of motion for an aircraft incorporating the variable wind terms The equations are presented in several coordinate systems (i e , body coordinates, inertia! coordinates, etc ) The wind shear terms, including the temporal and spatial gradients of the wind, appear differently in the various coordinate systems; these terms are discussed. Also, the influence of wind shear on inputs to computing the aerodynamic coefficients, such as the effects of wind velocity vector rotation on relative angular rates of rotation and on the time rate of change of angles of attack and sideslip, are addressed