Comparative investigation of molecular orientation and charge collection in highly efficient mixed heterojunctions based on three planar-shaped donors and C 70

Three donor materials, namely, tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene (DBP), 1,1′-bis (di-4-tolylaminophenyl) cyclohexane (TAPC), tris[4-(5-phenylthiophen-2-yl)phenyl] amine (TPTPA), and C 70 based mixed heterojunctions (MHJs), all demonstrate a significantly high short-circuit current ( J SC ), together with high power conversion efficiency (PCE), even though TAPC and TPTPA are non-absorbing in the visible region. The J SC shows a much larger difference between the C 60 MHJs than the C 70 MHJs when the same donor is included. The difference between their absorption and photoluminescence spectra is negligible. The 5 wt% DBP blend film shows a more regular morphology, with well-distributed circular grains, than the other two donors. The priority of horizontal orientation is DBP > TPTPA > TAPC, thus contributing to a higher J SC in DBP MHJ. The DBP MHJ device also demonstrates superior charge collection efficiency, hole mobility, and stability to the TAPC and TPTPA MHJs.