The ecotoxicity of six widely-used adjuvants—namely, Aerotex 3470, Atlox, Cyclosol 63, Dowanol, Nonylphenol and 585 fuel oil—were extensively investigated with respect to an algal and forest seed model system. The adjuvants differentially affected the chemical and biological fate of the pesticides. All but Dowanol (> 1000 μg/mL) had the potential to perturb the growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtil Dang, and the tree seeds of Jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and Paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh). Aerotex, Cyclosol and Nonylphenol (> 5 μg/mL) were the most active adjuncts tested.
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Weinberger et al. (1984) studied this question.
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