Aharonov-Bohm effect in the chiral Luttinger liquid

Edge states of the quantum Hall fluid provide an almost unparalled opportunity to study mesoscopic effects in a highly correlated electron system. In this paper we develop a bosonization formalism for the finite-size edge state, as described by chiral Luttinger liquid theory, and use it to study the Aharonov-Bohm effect. The problem we address may be realized experimentally by measuring the tunneling current between two edge states through a third edge state formed around an antidot in the fractional quantum Hall effect regime. The finite size L of the antidot edge state introduces a temperature scale T₀≡v/πkBL, where v is the edge-state Fermi velocity. A renormalization group analysis reveals the existence of a two-parameter universal scaling function ̃ \~G(X,Y) that describes the Aharonov-Bohm conductance resonances. We also show that the strong renormalization of the tunneling amplitudes that couple the antidot to the incident edge states, together with the nature of the Aharonov-Bohm interference process in a chiral system, prevent the occurrence of perfect resonances as the magnetic field is varied, even at zero temperature. In an experimentally realizable strong-antidot-coupling regime, where the source-to-drain transmission is weak, and at bulk filling factor $g=1/q$ with q an odd integer, we predict the low-temperature (TT₀) Aharonov-Bohm amplitude to vanish with temperature as T^2q-2, in striking contrast to a Fermi liquid $(q=1).$ Near T₀, there is a pronounced maximum in the amplitude, also in contrast to a Fermi liquid. At high temperatures (TT₀), however, we predict a crossover to a T^2q-1e^-qT/T₀ temperature dependence, which is qualitatively similar to chiral Fermi liquid behavior. Careful measurements in the strong-antidot-coupling regime above T₀ should be able to distinguish between a Fermi liquid and our predicted nearly Fermi liquid scaling. In addition, we predict an interesting high-temperature nonlinear response regime, where the voltage satisfies V>T>T₀, which may also be used to distinguish between chiral Fermi liquid and chiral Luttinger liquid behavior. Finally, we predict mesoscopic edge-current oscillations, which are similar to the persistent current oscillations in a mesoscopic ring, except that they are not reduced in amplitude by weak disorder. In the fractional quantum Hall effects regime, these ``chiral persistent currents'' have a universal non-Fermi-liquid temperature dependence and may be another ideal system to observe a chiral Luttinger liquid.