Endovascular coil treatment of a coronary artery aneurysm related to polyarteritis nodosa

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) represent a rare pathology. However, the true burden of CAAs may be currently underestimated. The use of newer imaging technologies, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance coronary angiography, may assist in unraveling its true prevalence (1). Atherosclerosis is the main etiology of CAAs. It has been reported that 50% of CAAs are due to atherosclerosis (2). Congenital, inflammatory, and connective tissue disorders are the other possible etiological factors that promote CAA development (3-4). Recently, genetic factors have been proposed as an alternative etiology (5). Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is an arteritis affecting small- and medium-sized arteries. Renal and gastrointestinal involvement is more frequent. Because reports on coronary involvement in the context of PAN are rare, the natural course of PAN-related CAAs and optimal treatment strategies remain poorly defined.