Incidence and risk factors of carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceaeinfection in intensive care units: a matched case–control study

BACKGROUND: (CRE) infection is associated with intensive care admissions, morbidity, and mortality. Our study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and patient outcomes of CRE in the ICU units. METHODS: (CSE) were included in the study. Patients were randomly selected from a pool of CSE subjects in a ratio of 1:1 of CRE to CSE as control patients. RESULTS: The infection rate with CRE among all patients admitted to ICUs was 7.6% and the incidence of CRE infection was 5.6 per 1,000 person-day. The risk factors independently associated with CRE infection were: Higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Nutrition Risk in Critically ill (NUTRIC) scores, prolonged ICU length of stay (LOS), previous surgery, dialysis and mechanical ventilation during ICU stay, and previous use of aminoglycoside and carbapenems. CONCLUSION: In this retrospective study, the incidence of CRE infection was relatively elevated in patients admitted to ICU. Patients with high SOFA and NUTRIC scores, prolonged ICU LOS, previous surgery, dialysis and mechanical ventilation, and prior aminoglycosides and carbapenems use, may have an increased risk of CRE infection.