The energy challenges and global warming resulted in maximizing the energy efficiency utilized to minimize consumption. Thermal cooling was less prevalent, it can be used to reduce carbon emissions and global warming. Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials.Peltier connection technology affects the cooling efficiency (parallel series). The location of the Peltier, usage periods, and chemical composition affect the cooling capacity, such as the different Peltier positions on a parallel or vertical, that was, the position between two Peltier units is at a 180-degree angle or a 90-degree. Different voltages, coefficient of performance (COP), and cooling temperature (Tc) were studied over time to improve Peltier efficiency.The result proved that the parallel connection is better than the series connection and the position angle of 90° for Peltier in the box. at the position angle of 90°, Voltage 10 V, the temperature of water decreases from 30.9 °C to 12.5 °C, (the best cooling value) and the Peltier average current is 4.59 A. While at 4 V, the average current through the Peltier element is 1.833A and the COP is 66.3%.
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Elnaggar et al. (2024) studied this question.