Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

In this letter, a D-band frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar for industrial and scientific applications is presented. It covers an ultrawide 56 GHz sweep bandwidth (126–182 GHz, 36.4%) and is based on a custom 1 TRX + 2 RX SiGe transceiver millimeter-wave (mmW) integrated circuit manufactured in Infineon’s B11HFC 130 nm BiCMOS process with anfTof 250 GHz andfₘₐₓof 370 GHz. An innovative versatile multichannel edge-launch waveguide frontend-module architecture allows covering applications requiring dual polarization sensing or azimuth and elevation angle-of-arrival estimation based on the same mmW circuit board. The FMCW sweeper is based on measurement equipment grade commercial fractional-N PLL synthesizers in an offset dual-loop configuration for highly linear wideband FMCW sweep generation with a phase noise of better than$-$80 dBc/Hz (foff>10 kHz) and superior performance even for ultrafast ramp slopes of more than 56 GHz/1 ms. Intermediate frequency signals of a single target measurement are presented to demonstrate the dynamic range capabilities of the FMCW radar. An SNR of 81 dB is achieved using a metal plate reflector target in free space. Due to the ultrawide bandwidth and the resulting calibrated range resolution of 2.7 mm ($-$3 dB width, Tukey window), target separation is even possible in dense multitarget environments. Additionally, synthetic aperture radar images are presented as an example application utilizing the high-range resolution capabilities.