The use of long-term opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain remains controversial. An increasing body of clinical experience supports the notion that opioids can be used successfully to treat many chronic pain conditions, including neuropathic pain. This article briefly reviews the literature, offers practical guidelines for opioid treatment of chronic noncancer pain, and delineates areas in need of further investigation.
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Rathmell et al. (1996) studied this question.