K-e and Reynolds Stress Turbulence Model Comparisons for Two-Dimensional Injection Flows

Two-dimensional steady e owe elds generated by transverse injection into a supersonic e ow are numerically sim- ulated by integrating the Favre-averaged Navier -Stokes equations. Fine-scale turbulence effects are modeled with compressible K-≤ and second-order Reynolds-stress turbulence models. These numerical results are compared to numerical results of the Jones -Launder K-≤ model and experimental data. The credibility of the Reynolds-stress turbulence model relative to experimental data and other turbulence models is demonstrated by comparison of surface pressure proe les, boundary-layer separation location, jet plume height, and descriptions of recirculation zones and e ow structureupstream and downstream of the jet. Results indicate that theReynolds-stress turbulence model correctly predicts mean e ow conditions for low static pressure ratios. However, it is also observed that, as the static pressure ratio increases, the boundary-layer separation point moves farther upstream of the jet and pre- dictions become lessconsistent with experimental results. The K-≤ results are lessconsistentwith theexperimental resultsthanthoseassociatedwiththeReynolds-stressturbulencemodel.Finally,unlikethe K-≤results,nonphysical vorticity phenomena upstream of the jet plume are not observed in the Reynolds-stress turbulence model results. This phenomenon is shown to coincide with strong gradients in the wall functions used to compute πt.