Taxonomic notes on some dacine (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit flies associated with citrus, olives and cucurbits

The taxonomic identity and synonymy of four serious fruit fly pests, one of olives in Europe, and three Oriental species, two associated with citrus fruits and one with cucurbit fruits and vegetable, is clarified.PolistomimetesEnderlein is a new synonym ofTetradacusMiyake, which was originally described as a subgenus ofDacus, but is newly placed as a subgenus ofBactrocera. HeterodaculusHardy is removed from synonymy withPolistomimetes. Mellesis citriChen is a new synonym ofB. minax(Enderlein);D. cheniChao is a new synonym ofB. tsuneonis(Miyake); andD. nubilusHendel is replaced in synonymy withB. tau(Walker).Callantra splendidaPerkins andD. discipennisWalker are transferred to the genusBactroceraMacquart. The limits of the subgeneraB. (Daculus) andB. (Tetradacus) are discussed; it is concluded that oviscape form separates those subgenera.B. (Daculus) includes the olive fly,B. oleae(Gmelin) andB. (Tetradacus) includes the Oriental citrus flies,B. minax(Enderlein) andB. tsuneonis(Miyake), plus three other species. It is also concluded that the presence or absence of anterior supra-alar setae and prescutellar acrostichal seatae should not be used in the diagnosis ofBactrocerasubgenera. A lectotype ofPolistomimetes minaxEnderlein is designated.