Involvement of nNOS, and α1, α2, β1, and β2 Subunits of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Genes Expression in Anticonvulsant Effect of Sumatriptan on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure in Mice.

Figures

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  Figure 1. Schematic description of study design

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  Figure 2. Effect of various doses of sumatriptan (0.3, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 mg/kg) on clonic seizure threshold (CST) on PTZ induced seizures in mice. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 8 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc-test. **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001 compared to control/vehicle

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  Figure 3. Effect of subeffective doses of NOS inhibitors (A) L-NNA (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg), (B) 7-NI (30, 45, and 60 mg/kg) alone or in combination with acute subef fective dose of sumatriptan (0.3 mg/kg) on PTZ-induced clonic seizure threshold (CST) in mice. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 8 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001 compared to control/vehicle, ##P ≤ 0.01, ###P ≤ 0.001 compared to sumatriptan group

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  Figure 4. Effect of subeffective doses of AG (30, 50, and 100 mg/kg) alone or in combination with acute subeffective dose of sumatriptan (0.3 mg/kg) on PTZ-induced CST in mice. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 8 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test

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  Figure 5. Effect of subeffective doses of (A) MB (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg), (B) sildenafil (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) alone or in combination with acute subeffective and effective doses of sumatriptan (0.3 and 1.2 mg/kg) on PTZ-induced CST in mice. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 8 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. *P ≤ 0.005, ***P ≤ 0.001 compared to control, #P ≤ 0.05, ###P ≤ 0.001 compared to sumatriptan group

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  Figure 6. Effect of subeffective doses of coadministration of 7-NI (30 mg/kg) + MB (0.5 mg/kg) alone or in combination with acute subeffective dose of sumatriptan (0.3 mg/kg) on PTZ-induced CST in mice. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 8 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. ***P ≤ 0.001 compared to control group, @@@P ≤ 0.001 compared to vehicle group, ###P ≤ 0.001 compared to sumatriptan group

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  Figure 7. Effect of sumatriptan on prefrontal cortex (PFC) nitrite levels of mice. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 4 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. **P ≤ 0.01 compared to control group

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  Figure 8. Effect of subeffective doses of (A) 7-NI (30 mg/kg) and L-NNA (1 mg/kg), (B) MB (0.5 mg/kg) with acute subeffective dose of sumatriptan (0.3 mg/kg) on PFC nitrite levels of mice. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 3 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001 compared to control/vehicle group. #P ≤ 0.05, ##P ≤ 0.01, ###P ≤ 0.001 compared to sumatriptan group

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  Figure 9. Effect of sumatriptan on relative mRNA expression of nNOS in cerebral cortex of mice against PTZ-induced clonic seizure. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 3 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. ****P ≤ 0.0001 compared to control group, @@P ≤ 0.01, @@@P ≤ 0.001 compared to PTZ group

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  Figure 10. Effect of sumatriptan on relative mRNA expression of (A) α1, (B) α2, (C) β1, and (D) β2 subunits of soluble guanylyl cyclase genes in cerebral cortex of mices against PTZ-induced clonic seizure. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. for 3 mices, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. ****P ≤ 0.0001 compared to vehicle control, @P ≤ 0.05, @@P ≤ 0.01, @@@P ≤ 0.001 compared to PTZ group