Linking a calix[4]pyrrole anion recognition subunit to chromophores or fluorophores via an alkynyl spacer attached to a β-pyrrolic position of a calix[4]pyrrole core produces a new class of anion sensor that permits the detection of halide and phosphate anions in organic media via direct, so-called "naked-eye" visualization or fluorescence quenching-based spectroscopic means.
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Miyaji et al. (2004) studied this question.
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