Aluminium and chronic renal failure.

In a recent study of 1,263 children with acute leukaemia at the Children's Cancer Research Foundation in Boston we observed two patients with undifferentiated leukaemia and multiple neurofibromatosis.5This fre- quency is not significantly higher than the estimated incidence of neurofibromatosis in the general population (one case per 2,500- 3,300 births).2The association of neuro- fibromatosis with leukaemia has occurred in two other children in the same clinic (not in our series) and has been described in three case reports from France.3-5In one instance the combination of diseases affected siblings.4The eight reported cases of neurofibroma- tosis and childhood leukaemia are of great interest, but the evidence is not sufficient as yet to indicate that the high cancer risk in neurofibromatosis extends to leukaemia.-I