Ga⁺ irradiation-induced changes in magnetic anisotropy and crystalline structure of a Pt/Co/Pt ultrathin film are investigated by means of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) techniques. The XMCD analysis shows a large orbital moment difference between out-of-plane and in-plane directions, which corresponds to perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), at moderate Ga⁺ fluences, while further increased fluences reduce the orbital moment difference resulting in in-plane magnetization. From the EXAFS analysis, enhancement of PMA is directly related to an in-plane lattice expansion caused by ion irradiation and Co-Pt intermixing, which results in a large lattice distortion. Thus, the origin of the ion irradiation-induced changes in magnetic anisotropy is successfully explained.
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Sakamaki et al. (2012) studied this question.
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