Spatial distribution of small pelagic fish larvae in the Gulf of California and its relation to the El Nino 1997-1998

Sardinops caeruleus larvae were almost absent during the El Niño 1997–1998, when the sea surface temperature (SST) increased by 4°C. After the event, these larvae appeared in high abundance between 18 and 22°C SST. Engraulis mordax larvae were recorded in high abundance during the El Niño (17 and 25°C SST) and afterwards (14 and 22°C). During the event, they tended to concentrate close to Isla Angel de La Guarda and Isla Tiburón, the coldest zone. The El Niño conditions affected the spawning of S.caeruleus more than E.mordax, with the latter more adapted to strong environmental changes.