Experimental study demonstrates high capacitance and dye degradation in holmium-doped calcium aluminate phosphors, highlighting their utility for dual energy storage and environmental cleanup.
Background A series of un-doped and 1–9 mol % Ho³⁺ doped CaAl 12 O 19 (CAO: Ho 3+ ) phosphors are synthesized and characterized to explore their structural, optical, electrochemical, and photocatalytic properties. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for applications in energy storage and environmental remediation. Methods The synthesized phosphors are analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the elemental composition and oxidation states. Optical properties are evaluated using UV–Vis spectroscopy for bandgap determination, while photoluminescence (PL) analysis identified Ho³⁺ emission peaks. Electrochemical studies assessed the supercapacitor performance, and photocatalytic efficiency is tested through methylene blue (MB) dye degradation under visible light. Significant Findings The optimal Ho³⁺ concentration for peak photoluminescence is 5 mol %, with higher concentrations causing quenching. CAO:9Ho³⁺ exhibited a high specific capacitance (C sp ) of 792.87 F/g at 5 mV/s, excellent energy density (E D ) 14.126 Wh/kg at 1 A/g and retained 91.95 % capacitance after 5000 cycles. It also showed outstanding photocatalytic activity, degrading 91.79 % of MB dye in 100 min under visible light. These findings highlight its potential for high-performance supercapacitors and environmental applications, paving the way for sustainable innovations in energy storage and wastewater treatment technologies.
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Megharaj et al. (2025) studied this question.
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