Assessing the inter-linkage between ecosystem services and livelihood assets: case study of Deepor Beel Ramsar site in Assam, India

The paper examines the significance of four essential ecosystem services—provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services—in contributing to and enhancing livelihood assets, including physical, financial, natural, human, and social capital. Recognizing the intricate relation between wetland services and livelihoods is vital for improving resilience, sustainable development, and overall well-being. Deepor Beel, the lone Ramsar site in Assam, which supports livelihoods in nearby villages, has been considered a case study. The study explores the ecosystem services that the Deepor Beel provides and analyses how these could enhance livelihood assets. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, the study employs Focus Group Discussions, Key informant interviews, and semi-structured questionnaires to interview 288 households. Results reveal that a substantial portion of the population significantly depends on the wetland. Fishing is a key livelihood source alongside farming, livestock rearing, and gathering resources like aquatic plants. The wetland serves as a crucial provider of varied services that can significantly improve people’s livelihoods.