An Implementation Science Approach to Assess Law Enforcement Deflection Programs

Deflection and diversion programs provide an opportunity for justice-involved persons with mental health and substance use disorders to avoid incarceration as well as receive individualized treatment through the utilization of community resources. The current study employs an implementation science approach using the Exploration Preparation Implementation and Sustainment (EPIS) framework to examine enablers and barriers present when implementing diversion and deflection programs in a southeastern state. Seven law enforcement jurisdictions across the state were visited, and an implementation planning guide was used for conducting interviews and recording observations with implementation leaders, program staff, law enforcement leadership, and community partners. This study provides insight into how such programs are created and planned from Exploration to Sustainment, with an emphasis on successful implementation strategies. The findings demonstrate variation across sites regarding available resources, officer buy-in, and level of community support, among other factors.