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Review evaluates overwintering strategies in mosquito-borne arboviruses, indicating confirmed vertical transmission in bunyaviruses but unproven pathways for flaviviruses and alphaviruses.
It can be concluded from the data cited that transovarial transmission is a plausible explanation for the overwintering of mosquito-borne bunyaviruses of the California serogroup. Vertical transmission of mosquito-borne flaviviruses could explain the overwintering of this group of viruses, but this is far from having been established. At present, the mechanism by which mosquito-borne alphaviruses pass the winter is obscure.
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Léon Rosen (1987) studied this question.
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